Vuba aha, "kugabanya ingufu" byahindutse ingingo ihangayikishije buri wese.Ahantu henshi mu gihugu cyahagaritse amashanyarazi kandi inganda nyinshi zahatiwe guhagarika umusaruro kubera ingaruka zo kugabanya amashanyarazi.Umuhengeri w "umuriro w'amashanyarazi" watunguwe, bituma inganda nyinshi zititegura.
Nkumushinga muto kandi munini ukora karbide ya sima i Zhuzhou, Chuangrui nayo yibasiwe n’igabanuka ry’amashanyarazi.Imbere yigihe cyihutirwa cyo gutanga abakiriya, isosiyete yahinduye ibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa bikodeshwa hamwe nizindi ngamba zo kubikemura, ariko byateje byanze bikunze gutinda byanze bikunze gutunganya no gutunganya ibicuruzwa.
Byumvikane ko kuva ku ya 22 Nzeri, intara nyinshi zatangiye guhagarika amashanyarazi no kuzimya.I Shaoxing, umujyi munini w’imyenda i Zhejiang, imishinga 161 yo gucapa, gusiga amarangi, n’imiti ya fibre yamenyeshejwe guhagarika umusaruro kugeza ukwezi kurangiye.Ibigo birenga 1.000 muri Jiangsu "bifungura bibiri bihagarika bibiri" na Guangdong "bifungura bibiri bihagarika bitanu", kandi bikomeza munsi ya 15% yumutwaro wose.Yunnan fosifore yumuhondo na silikoni yinganda byagabanije umusaruro 90%, mugihe Intara ya Liaoning yagabanije amashanyarazi mumijyi 14.
Kugabanuka kw'amashanyarazi no guhagarika umusaruro birimo gukwirakwira mu ntara nyinshi zirimo Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Guangxi, Yunnan, n'ibindi. Kuva aho hafunguwe bwa mbere aho bahagarara na babiri, buhoro buhoro bwiyongera bugera kuri bane na butatu, ndetse ahantu hamwe hamenyeshwa ko hafunguwe batatu bine.
Amashanyarazi manini manini ni yo ya mbere mu myaka yashize.
None, kubera iki uzimya amashanyarazi?
Umwanditsi wa Chuangrui yamenye ko impamvu nyamukuru yo kugabanya amashanyarazi ari ukubura amashanyarazi, ndetse no kubura amashanyarazi ni ukubera ko igiciro cy’amakara, igice kinini cy’amashanyarazi cyazamutse cyane.Uko urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rutanga umusaruro, niko igihombo kinini.
igihugu cyanjye nikintu kinini gitumiza amakara.Kera, amakara yatumizwaga ahanini muri Ositaraliya.Uyu mwaka, amakara yose yatumijwe muri Ositaraliya mu mpera za Nyakanga yari toni 780.000 gusa, igabanuka rikabije rya 98,6% ugereranije na toni miliyoni 56.8 mu gihe kimwe n’umwaka ushize.
Indi mpamvu ni uko, mu nama rusange ya gatanu ya Komite Nkuru ya 18, hasabwe ko hashyirwa mu bikorwa igikorwa cya "kugenzura kabiri" cyo gukoresha ingufu zose n’ingufu, byitwa kugenzura kabiri ikoreshwa ry’ingufu.Nyuma yo kurangiza intego ya "dual control" mu gice cya mbere cyuyu mwaka irekuwe, uturere twose twihutishije ingamba "zo kugenzura ebyiri" zo gukoresha ingufu, kugirango "dufate akazi".
Kugabanuka kw'amashanyarazi bifite ingaruka nini mu gusya karbide ya sima, kandi igiciro cyo gukuramo cyazamutse.
Bitewe ningamba zikomeye "ebyiri zo kugenzura", ubushobozi bwa karubide ya tungsten izagabanuka cyane.Biteganijwe ko ingufu n’umusaruro biboneka ahantu hatandukanye bizakomeza kugira ingaruka ku isoko, ibarura rizakomeza kugabanuka, kandi ibiciro bya karubide ya tungsten biteganijwe ko bizamuka kurushaho.
Bitewe na politiki y’imbere mu gihugu ijyanye n’umusaruro munini no kugabanya amashanyarazi, ibiciro bikabije by’ibikoresho fatizo n’ibikoresho bifasha, hamwe n’urwego rwo hejuru rw’ifaranga ry’amahanga, byashishikarije isoko kumanuka no kuzamuka, kandi ibiciro bya tungsten byo mu gihugu byazamutse cyane.
Ibi bivuze ko amasosiyete menshi yo hagati no munsi yimbere azahura ningorane zibiri zo kuzamuka kwibikoresho fatizo no kugabanuka kwumusaruro.
Ibikoresho fatizo nibimara kuzamuka, ibiciro byo gukora bizamuka.Usibye ingaruka za politiki yo guhagarika amashanyarazi no kugabanya umusaruro, guhagarika umusaruro no kugabanya ubushobozi bwumusaruro bishobora kuba inzira nyamukuru yo gusubiza ibigo byibicuruzwa mu nganda zangiza.
Muri icyo gihe, mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibiciro by’umusaruro no guharanira kubona inyungu nyinshi, inyungu z’ibicuruzwa zigomba kongerwa, cyangwa hazashyirwaho uburyo bushya bwo "kuzamura ibiciro".
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-30-2023